Organic compounds

ABSTRACT

Tertiary non-vinylic carbamates of molecular weight less than 350 are useful as fragrance ingredients. A method of preparation is also described.

This invention relates to tertiary carbamates and their use as fragrance ingredients. It furthermore relates to a method of making them and their use in fragrance compositions.

There is an ongoing need for powerful new perfumery ingredients which are stable towards aggressive media to which they are exposed. Surprisingly, we have found that certain tertiary non-vinylic carbamates, which have olfactory properties useful for perfumery, are stable against hydrolysis over a wide range of pH and towards oxidation. A}h With the exception of N- or O-vinyl carbamates, tertiary carbamates constitute valuable ingredients for the perfumery industry. O- and N-vinyl carbamates, in analogy to enol esters and enamides, are susceptible to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. Furthermore, in accordance with their use as monomers in the polymer industry, they polymerize easily. The aforementioned tertiary non-vinylic carbamates exhibit odours in the spicy, herbaceous or floral-rosy range with excellent substantivity and are useful as fragrance ingredients.

The use as fragrance ingredients of tertiary non-vinylic carbamates, i.e. non-vinylic carbamic acid ester of the formula

wherein the hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to the nitrogen atom are substituted, has not been previously described in the literature.

Thus, the present invention refers in a first aspect to the use as fragrance ingredients of tertiary non-vinylic carbamates, i.e. tertiary carbonates having no N-vinyl or O-vinyl substituent, having a molecular weight less than 350, preferably a molecular weight not higher than 300.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention refers to the use as a fragrance ingredient of a N,N-substituted carbamate having a group covalently bonded to the ether oxygen atom of the carbamate, selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alk-(>1)-enyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenylalkyl, phenylalkyl and naphtylalkyl, said covalently-bonded group being optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy, and said group optionally comprising heteroatoms, for example oxygen, nitrogen or sulphur.

More particularly, the present invention refers to the use as fragrance ingredients of tertiary carbamates of formula (I)

wherein

-   -   R¹ and R² are independently selected from the group consisting         of:     -   (a) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl, preferably C₁ to C₆ alkyl, e.g. methyl,         ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl; C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1 )-enyl, preferably         C₃ to C₆ alkenyl, e.g. prop-2-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁ alkynyl group;         and     -   (b) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and         alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted         with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl,         wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl,         alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and     -   (c) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         and

R is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   (a) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl; C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁         alkynyl group; and     -   (b) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, and         alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted         with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         and     -   (c) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkenyl ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);         and     -   (d) C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring         is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy         group(s); C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the         cycloalkenyl ring is optionally substituted with alky, alkenyl         and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkoxyalkyl or         naphthylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally         substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and     -   (e) heteroaromatic ring, e.g. pyridyl, furyl; heteroarylalkyl         ring, e.g. furylmethyl, pyridylmethyl, pyridylethyl;         heterocyclic ring, e.g. dihydrofuryl, tetrahydrofuryl; or         heterocycloalkyl ring, e.g. dihydrofurylmethyl,         tetrahydrofurylmethyl, wherein the ring is optionally         substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s), the ring         having 5 to 6 ring members, and the hetero atom is oxygen or         nitrogen; and

R, R¹ and R² having together 7 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 16 carbon atoms, most preferably 8 to 12; or

R¹ is selected from the group consisting of:

-   -   (a) C₁ to C₆ alkyl; C₃ to C₅ alk-(>1 )-enyl; or C₂ to C₅ alkynyl         group; and     -   (b) C₃ to C₆ cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl and         alkenyl group(s); C₃ to C₆ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted         with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); or phenyl optionally         substituted with allyl and alkenyl group(s); and     -   (c) C₄ to C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is         optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); or         phenyl alkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally         substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); and

R and R² form together with the atom to which they are attached a 5 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring, which is optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); and R, R¹ and ² having together 7 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 16 carbon atoms, most preferably 8 to 12.

As used in relation to compounds of formula (I) unless otherwise indicated “cycloalkyl” refers to C₃ to C₈, preferably C₄ to C₆, e.g. cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl; “alkyl” refers to linear or branched C₁ to C₅ alkyl, e.g. n-pentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, preferably C₁ to C₃, e.g. methyl, ethyl, i-propyl; “alkenyl” refers to vinyl or linear or branched C₃ to C₅ alkenyl, e.g. propen-1-yl, propen-2-yl, allyl, and but-2-en-1-yl; “alk-(>1)-enyl” refers to C₃ to C₁₁ linear or branched alkenyl in which there is at least one sp³-hybridised C-atom between the N-atom or ether oxygen atom of the carbamate and the nearest C—C double bond, e.g. hex-3-en-1-yl, 3-methyl-but-2-en-1-yl; and “alkoxy” refers to C₁ to C₄, such as methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

By the term “optionally substituted”, as used in relation to compounds of formula (I) is meant that there is no substitutent, or there is at least one substituent, for example one or more alkyl group(s), one or more alkenyl group(s), or one or more alkoxy group(s), or a combination of at least two substituents, e.g. an alkyl group and an alkoxy group, two alkyl groups and one alkenyl group, one alkyl group and one alkenyl group.

Preferred are compounds according to formula (I), wherein R¹ and R² together have 2 to 13 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 9 carbon atoms, most preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Compounds according to the present invention wherein R¹═R² are also preferred.

The compounds of formula (I) may comprise one or more chiral centres and as such may exist as a mixture of stereoisomers, or they may be resolved as isomerically pure forms. Resolving stereoisomers adds to the complexity of manufacture and purification of these compounds, and so it is preferred to use the compounds as mixtures of their stereoisomers simply for economic reasons. However, if it Is desired to prepare individual stereoisomers, this may be achieved according to methods known in the art, e.g. preparative HPLC and GC or by stereoselective syntheses.

Whereas some compounds of the formula (I) have been described in the literature, others have not, and are novel.

Thus, in a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I) wherein R, R¹ and R² are selected according to the following table: R R¹ R² hex-3-enyl ethyl ethyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl-tolyl methyl ethyl ethyl-tolyl 3-methyl-but-2-enyl ethyl ethyl 3-methyl-but-3-enyl ethyl ethyl hex-3-enyl methyl iso-propyl 2,2,5-trimethyl-hex-4-enyl ethyl ethyl undec-10-enyl methyl methyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl iso-propyl 2-ethyl-hexyl ethyl iso-propyl R and R¹ together with the atoms pentyl to which they are attached is 4-Methyl-oxazolidyl-2-one 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-ethyl methyl methyl 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl hexyl 2-methyl-propyl methyl butyl 2-methyl-propyl ethyl butyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-propyl methyl methyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-iso-propyl methyl methyl 2-ethoxy-phenyl methyl methyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]-2- methyl methyl methyl-propyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]-2- ethyl ethyl methyl-propyl furylmethyl ethyl ethyl

The compounds according to the present invention may be used alone or in combination with known odourant molecules selected from the extensive range of natural and synthetic molecules currently available, such as essential oils, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, ethers and acetals, esters and lactones, macrocycles and heterocycles, and/or in admixture with one or more ingredients or excipients conventionally used in conjunction with odourants in fragrance compositions, for example, carrier materials, and other auxiliary agents commonly used in the art.

The following list comprises examples of known odourant molecules, which may be combined with the compounds of the present Invention:

-   -   ethereal oils and extracts, e.g. castoreum, costus root oil, oak         moss absolute, geranium oil, jasmin absolute, patchouli oil,         rose oil, sandalwood oil or ylang-ylang oil;     -   alkohols, e.g. citronellol, Ebanol™, eugenol, geraniol, Super         Muguet™, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, Sandalore™, terpineol or         Timberol™.     -   aldehydes and ketones, e.g. α-amylcinnamaldehyd, Georgywood™,         hydroxycitronellal, Iso E Super®, Isoraldeine®, Hedione®,         maltol, methyl cedryl ketone, methylionone or vanillin;     -   ether and acetals, e.g. Ambrox™, geranyl methyl ether, rose         oxide or Spirambrene™.     -   esters and lactones, e.g. benzyl acetate, cedryl actetate,         γ-decalactone, Helvetolide®, γ-undecalactone or vetivenyl         acetate.     -   macrocycles, e.g. ambrettolide, ethylene brassylate or         Exaltolide®.     -   heterocycles, e.g. isobutylchinoline.

The compounds of the present invention may be used in a broad range of fragrance applications, e.g. in any field of fine and functional perfumery, such as perfumes, household products, laundry products, body care products and cosmetics. The compounds can be employed in widely varying amounts, depending upon the specific application and on the nature and quantity of other odourant ingredients. The proportion Is typically from 0.001 to 20 weight percent of the application. In one embodiment, compounds of the present invention may be employed in a fabric softener in an amount of from 0.001 to 0.05 weight percent. In another embodiment, compounds of the present invention may be used in an alcoholic solution in amounts of from 0.1 to 20 weight percent, more preferably between 0.1 and 5 weight percent. However, these values are given only by way of example, since the experienced perfumer may also achieve effects or may create novel accords with lower or higher concentrations.

The compounds of the present invention may be employed into the fragrance application simply by directly mixing the fragrance composition with the fragrance application, or they may, in an earlier step be entrapped with an entrapment material such as for example polymers, capsules, microcapsules and nanocapsules, liposomes, film formers, absorbents such as carbon or zeolites, cyclic oligosaccharides and mixtures thereof, or they may be chemically bonded to substrates, which are adapted to release the fragrance molecule upon application of an external stimulus such as light, enzyme, or the like, and then mixed with the application.

Thus, the invention additionally provides a method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as a fragrance ingredient of a tertiary carbamate having a molecular weight less than 350.

Linear N,N-dialkylcarbamate compounds of formula (I), i.e. compounds of formula (I) wherein R and R² together with the atoms to which they are attached do not form a ring, may be synthesised by reacting the corresponding chloroformic acid alkyl ester of formula (IV) e.g. chloroformic acid hex-3-enyl ester, with the corresponding dialkylamine of formula (III), e.g. diethylamine, or they may be synthesised by reacting the corresponding dialkyl carbamoyl chloride of formula (II), e.g. dimethyl carbamoyl chloride, with the corresponding alcohol ROH, e.g. 2,3,4-trimethyl-pentan-3-ol, as shown in Scheme 1. The appropriate method to use depends mainly on the availability of the starting materials. Other routes may also be used, for example, the reaction of an alcohol ROH with an N-alkylisocyanates, as known to a person skilled in the art, and described for example in DE 3312498.

Furthermore, linear N,N-dialkylcarbamate compounds of formula (I) may be synthesised by a two step process by reacting the corresponding primary amine, e.g. isopropylamine, with the corresponding chloroformic acid alkyl ester of formula (IV), e.g. chloroformic acid 2-ethyl hexyl ester, in the presence of one mole equivalent of a base, for example NaH, resulting in the corresponding secondary carbamate of formula (V) in a first step. Further alkylation of the secondary carbamate by adding the corresponding alkylating agent, e.g. alkyltoluene sulfonates, alkylmethane sulfonates, dialkyl sulfates (for example dimethyl sulfate), and alkyl halides, in the presence of one mole equivalent of a base, for example NaH, results in the corresponding linear N₁N-dialkylcarbamate compounds of formula (I), as shown in Scheme 2.

The process according to Scheme 2 is particularly useful for the production of non-symmetrical N,N-dialkylcarbamate compounds of formula (I), i.e. compounds according to the present invention wherein R¹ is different from R². Using the two-step process has the advantage that such non-symmetrical N,N-dialkylcarbamate compounds may be synthesised in one reaction vessel without isolating the intermediate.

Thus, a further aspect of the present invention is a process for the production of a compound of formula (I) by

-   -   (a) reacting a primary amine of formula (VI) in the presence of         a base, e.g. NaH with a chloroformic acid alkyl ester of         formula (IV) to give a secondary carbamate of formula (V), and         then     -   (b) reacting the secondary carbamate of formula (V) in the         presence of a base, e.g. NaH with an alkylating agent of the         formula         R²—X,

wherein X is Br⁻, Cl⁻, J⁻, or R⁴—SO₄, wherein R⁴ is methyl or tolyl, and wherein R, R¹ and R² are as hereinabove defined, and step (a) and (b) are sequentially carried out in the same reaction vessel.

Cyclic carbamate compounds of formula (I), i.e. wherein R and R² together with the atoms to which they are attached form a ring, may be synthesised by reaction of dialkyl carbonate, e.g. diethyl carbonate and dimethyl carbonate, with the corresponding primary amino-alcohol, e.g. 2-aminopropanol, in the presence of alkali alcoholate, e.g. sodium ethanolate, followed by alkylation of the resulting secondary amine, which results in the cyclic tert. carbamate of formula (I). Cyclic carbamate compounds of formula (I) may also be synthesised by ring-closing metathesis reaction of carbamate bridged diolefins as well known to the person skilled in the art.

The invention is now further described with reference to the following non-limiting examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Diethyl-carbamic acid hex-3-enyl ester (Table 1. compound No1)

Diethylamine (9.1 g, 125 mmol, 1.25 equiv.) was added to a 2%-aqueous NaOH-solution (200 ml) and the resulting mixture was cooled to 0° C. (icebath). At this temperature chloroformic acid hex-3-enyl ester (16.2 g, 100 mmol) in diethyl ether (200 ml) was added over a period of 35 min. After complete addition, the cooling bath was removed and stirring was continued for 1.5 h. The mixture was acidified with 2N aqueous HCl-solution, the phases separated and the organic phase was washed with brine and dried over MgSO₄. The crude product was purified via fractionated distillation (74-76° C./0.05 mbar) to yield 18.2 g (92%) of product.

IR (film): 2967 w, 1698 vs, 1272 s, 1171 s, 1072 m, 770 m. ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 5.50-5.46 (m, 1H), 5.37-5.33 (m, 1H), 4.07 (t, J=7 2H), 3.30 (br. s, 4H), 2.39 (q, J=7, 2H), 2.07 (quint, J=7, 2H), 1.11 (t, J=7, 6H), 1.00 (t, J=8, 3H). ¹³C-NMR: 155.9 (s), 133.9 (d), 124.2 (d), 64.4 (t), 41.5/41.1 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 27.1 (t), 20.4 (t), 14.1 (q), 13.8/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers). MS (EI 70 eV): 199 (<1%, M+), 118 (100), 100 (45, 82 (39), 72 (33), 67 (55), 55 (68).

Odor description: green, peppery, liquorice

Further compounds as listed in Table 1 were prepared according to the procedure described above. TABLE 1 ¹³C—NMR-data Olfactory No. Structure yield (400 MHz, CDCl₃) MS* description 1

92% 155.9 (s), 133.9 (d), 124.2 (d), 64.4 (t), 41.5/41.1(br. t, 2 rotamers), 27.1 (t), 20.4 (t), 14.1 (q), 13.8/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 199 green peppery, liquorice 2

57% 155.5 (s), 72.4 (d), 41.3 (br. t), 31.8 (d), 25.4 (d), 23.5(d), 13.7 (br. q) 199 floral, minty, terpenyl acetate 3

92% 156.8 (s), 67.6 (t), 38.9 (d), 36.1/35.6 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 30.3 (t), 28.8 (t), 23.7 (t), 22.8 (t), 13.8 (q), 10.9 (q) 201 anisic, floral, spicy 4

78% 156.1 (s), 67.1 (t), 41.3 (br. t), 39.0 (d), 30.4 (t), 28.8 (t), 23.8 (t), 22.8 (t), 13.9 (q), 13.6 (br. q), 10.9 (q) 229 green, woody, spicy, vetyver, gaïac 5

25% 156.3 (s), 136.9 (s), 128.3 (d), 127.8 (d), 127.7 (d), 66.9 (t), 36.3/35.8 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 179 fruity, rosy 6

77% 156.0 (s), 134.0 (d), 124.1 (d), 64.5 (t), 46.2 (d), 27.1 (t), 20.4 (t), 19.6 (br. q), 14.1 (q) 199 (118) peach, veloutone, nectaryl 7

70% 156.2(s), 60.8 (t), 54.5 (br. d), 30.1 (br. t), 28.0 (br. q), 25.6 (d), 25.4 (d), 14.6 (q) 185 (142) mushroom, minty, herbal 8

71% 156.4 (s), 60.8 (t), 48.8/48.4 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 34.2/33.6 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 31.4 (t), 27.6/27.3(br. t, 2 rotamers), 26.1 (t), 22.4 (t), 14.6 (q), 13.8 (q) 187 (116) floral, green, jasmin 9

57% 156.0 (s), 60.5 (t), 46.4/45.8 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 41.6/41.4 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 30.6/30.3 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 19.7 (t), 14.4 (q), 13.6 (q), 13.1 (br. q) 173 (130) celery, jasmine 10

59% 156.5 (s), 71.2 (t), 48.5/48.3 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 34.3/33.6 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 30.0/29.5 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 27.9 (d), 19.7 (t), 19.0 (q), 13.7 (q) 187 (57) floral, leather 11

49% 156.2 (s), 71.0 (t), 46.6/48.1 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 41.9141.5 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 30.8/30.4 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 27.9 (d) 19.9 (t), 19.0 (q), 13.7 (q), 13.8/13.2 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 201 (57) floral, fruity, medicinal, woody 13

30% 155.8 (s), 141.5 (s), 138.8 (s), 128.6 (d), 127.9 (d), 127.4 (d), 124.3 (d), 52.6 (q), 45.3 (t), 21.2 (q), 13.5 (q) 193 fruity, green, rosy *: molecular ion; in parentheses: 100% signal

EXAMPLE 2 Dimethyl-carbamic acid 1-isopropyl-1,2-dimethyl-propyl ester (Table 2, Compound 24)

A solution of 2,3,4-Trimethyl-pentan-3-ol (13.0 g, 100 mmol, 1 equiv.) in toluene (50 ml) was added to a suspension of NaH (55% in mineral oil, 4.80 g, 110 mmol, 1.1 equiv.) in toluene (50 ml). The mixture was heated to 100° C. for 1 h, then cooled to 0° C. A solution of dimethyl carbamoyl chloride (12.9 g, 120 mmol, 1.2 equiv.) in toluene (30 ml) was added over 45 min. The resulting suspension was stirred at room temperature for 19 h, then diluted with MTBE and worked up as describe in Example 1. Distillation of the crude at 0.05 mbar/52-61° C. yielded 61% of product.

IR (film): 2967 m, 1698 vs, 1379 s, 1196 s, 868 m, 769 m. ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.88 (br. s, 6H), 2.31 (hept, J=7, 2H), 1.41 (s, 3H), 0.97 (d, J=7, 6H), 0.94 (d, J=7, 6H). ¹³C-NMR: 156.0 (s), 88.9 (s), 36.0 (q), 34.5 (d),18.3 (q), 18.1 (q), 17.9 (s). MS (EI 70 eV): 186 (<1%, [M-1]⁺), 158 (4), 112 (37), 97 (67), 72 (71), 69 (72), 55 (100), 44 (83).

Odour description: fruity, rosy, spicy

Further compounds prepared following the synthesis protocol above were are listed In Table 2. TABLE 2 ¹³C—NMR-data Olfactory No. Structure yield (400 MHz, CDCl₃) MS* description 12

75% (major trans diastereomer) 156.3 (s), 74.2 (d), 47.0 (d), 36.0/35.6 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 32.5 (t), 27.4 (d), 25.3 (t) 227 woody, fruity, vertenex type 14

37% 156.0 (s), 137.4 (s), 119.6 (d), 61.8 (t), 41.5/41.1 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 25.6 (q), 17.9 (q), 13.7/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 197 celery, spicy, animalic 15

83% 155.8 (s), 142.0 (s), 111.8 (d), 63.0 (t), 41.5/41.1 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 37.1 (t), 22.3 (q), 13.8/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 185 (102) salicylate, quinoline, green, earthy 16

98% 156.0 (s), 133.4 (s), 120.1 (d), 72.8 (t) 41.6/41.1 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 37.2 (t), 35.0 (s), 25.9 (q), 24.1 (q), 17.6 (q), 14.0/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 124 (M-HCO₂NEt₂), (109) fruity, rosy, spicy 17

75% 156.0 (s), 64.9 (t), 41.5/41.1 (br. t, 2 rotamers), 28.6 (t), 28.0 (t), 22.2 (t), 13.8 (q), 13.7/13.4 (br. q, 2 rotamers) 187 (43) celery, jasminic 18

57% 156.7 (s), 131.0 (s), 124.5 (d), 63.7 (t), 36.8 (t), 36.2/35.6 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 35.8 (t), 29.3 (d), 25.5 (q), 25.2 (t), 19.3 (q), 17.5 (q) 227 (81) rosy, pear, apricot 19

45% 156.4 (s), 138.1 (s), 128.8 (d), 128.3 (d), 126.4 (d), 65.7 (t), 36.2 (br. q), 35.6 (br. q), 35.5 (t) 193 (104) balsamic, spicy, rosy 20

63% 156.7 (s), 139.0 (d), 114.0 (t), 65.3 (t), 36.2 (br. q), 35.6 (br. q), 33.6 (t), 29.3 (t), 29.2 (t), 29.1 (t), 28.9 (t), 28.8 (t), 25.8 (t) 241 (90) green, orange blossom, rosy, woody 21

21% (only E) 156.7 (s), 140.9 (s), 131.5 (s), 123.7 (d), 119.2 (d), 62.0 (t), 39.4 (t), 36.2/35.7 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 26.2 (t), 25.5 (q), 17.5 (q), 16.3 (q) 225 (69) fruity, rosy 22

50% 155.3 (s), 142.7 (d), 131.4 (s), 123.9 (d), 12.3 (t), 81.8 (s), 40.2 (t), 35.9 (q), 25.5 (q), 23.8 (q), 22.3 (t), 17.4 (q) 225 (93) woody, agarwood, olibanum, vetyver, peppery 23

50% 155.8 (s), 133.7 (s), 120.4 (d), 83.4 (s) 43.2 (d), 35.9 (br. q), 30.8 (t), 26.3 (t), 23.9 (t), 23.5 (q), 23.5 (q), 23.2 (q) 210 (M-CH₃) (68) fruity, gaïacwood 24

46% 156.0 (s), 88.9 (s), 36.0 (q), 34.5 (d), 18.3 (q), 18.1 (q), 17.9 (s) 186 (M-CH₃) (55) fruity, rosy, spicy 25

59% 154.8 (s), 150.8 (s), 141.0 (s), 126.0 (d), 123.1 (d), 120.5 (d), 113.5 (d), 64.2 (t), 36.6 (q), 36.4 (q), 14.7 (q) 209 (72) spicy, eugenol, animalic, smokey 26

42% 156.4 (s), 772 (s), 71.5 (d), 71.0 (t), 42.1(t), 40.2 (d), 39.2(t), 36.2/35.7 (br. q, 2 rotamers), 33.5 (q), 30.5 (s), 28.1 (t), 24.5 (q), 24.1 (q), 22.1 (q), 19.7 (t), 19.6 (q) 197 (M-C₄H₈NO₂) (72) musk *: molecular ion; in parentheses: 100% signal

EXAMPLE 3 Isopropyl-methyl-carbamic acid 2-ethyl-hexyl ester

A solution of isopropylamine (2.95 g, 50 mmol, 1 equiv.) was added at RT to a suspension of NaH (55% in mineral oil, 2.40 g, 55 mmol, 1.1 equiv.) in THF (25 ml). The mixture was warmed to 40° C. for 18 h, then chloroformic acid 2-ethyl-hexyl ester in THF (25 ml) was added dropwise over 30 min. After 4 h further stirring a suspension of NaH (55% in mineral oil, 2.40 g, 55 mmol, 1.1 equiv.) in THF (25 ml) was added followed by a solution of dimethyl sulfate (5.2 ml, 55 mmol, 1.1 equiv.) in THF (20 ml). The mixture was heated to 70° C. for 16 h, then hydrolysed by addition of water (50 ml). The hydrolysed mixture was further heated to 70° C. for 1.5 h in order to destroy excess dimethyl sulfate, then diluted with MTBE and worked up as described in Example 1. The crude product was distilled at 0.06 mbar/94-95° C. to yield 8.8 g (77%) of product.

IR (film): 2960 m, 2930 m, 1697 vs, 1323 s, 1132 s, 770 m.

¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): 4.48-4.20 (m, 1H), 4.00-3.92 (m, 2H), 2.74 (br. s, 3H), 1.58-1.56 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.25 (m, 8H), 1.10 (d, J=7, 6H), 0.92-0.88 (m, 6H).

¹³C-NMR: see Table. MS (EI 70 eV): 229 (<1%, M⁺), 214 (19), 118 (62), 102 (47), 71 (63), 58 (100).

Odour description: spicy, peppery

EXAMPLE 4 4-Methyl-3-pentyl-oxazolidin-2-one

4.1.4-Methyl-oxazolidin-2-one (cf. K. Rein et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 2211.)

Diethyl carbonate (46.8 g, 397 mmol, 1.2 equiv.) was added to a catalytic amount (1 mol %) of freshly prepared NaOEt (from 76 mg Na and 0.4 ml EtOH). 2-Aminopropanol (24.6 g, 328 mmol, 1 equiv.) was then added and the resulting solution was heated to 125° C. upon which EtOH started to distill. After 5 h the mixture was cooled to room temperature and excess diethyl carbonate was removed in high vacuum 0.5 mbar/50° C. to give 33.0 g (99%) of analytically pure 5-methyloxazolidinone as a pale yellow oil.

IR: 3290 br., 2975 w, 1738 vs, 1481 m, 1238 m, 1029 s, 935 m. ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 7.02 (br. s, 1 H), 4.50 (t, J=8.2, 1 H), 4.02 (hext, J=4.4, 1 H), 3.93 (dd, J=8.4, 6.4, 1H), 1.28 (d, J=6.4, 3H). ¹³C-NMR: 160.0 (s), 71.4 (t), 48.0 (d), 20.3 (q). MS (EI): 101 (27, M+), 86 (100, [M-CH₃]+).

4.2. 4-Methyl-3-pentyl-oxazolidin-2-one

4-Methyl-oxazolidin-2-one (18.0 g, 178 mmol) in THF (100 ml) was added slowly via dropping funnel to a slurry of hexane-washed NaH (60% in mineral oil, 7.12 g, 178 mmol, 1.0 quiv.) in THF (400 ml) upon which H₂-evolution was observed. Neat iodopentane (70.51 g, 356 mmol, 2.0 equiv.) was added rapidly and the mixture stirred for 1 h at room temperature, then heated to reflux for 60 h. After cooling to 5° C., 2N H₂SO₄ (180 ml) was slowly added. The mixture was extracted with MTBE and worked up as usual. Distillation over a Widmer-column at 115° C./0.08 mbar afforded the product as a slightly yellow liquid (20.54 g, 73%).

¹H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 4.40 (t, J=8.2, 1 H), 3.89 (hext, J=4.4, 1H), 3.82 (dd, J=8.4, 6.4, 1H), 3.40-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.03 (m, 1H), 1.65-1.42 (m, 2 H), 1.39-1.22 (m 4H), 1.28 (d, J=6.4, 3H), 0.90 (t, J=7.2, 3H). ¹³C-NMR: 157.9 (s), 68.7 (t), 50.6 (d), 41.4 (t), 28.7 (t), 26.9 (t), 22.1 (t), 18.0 (q), 13.8 (q).MS (EI): 171 (2, M⁺), 156 (33), 142 (5), 114 (100, [M-C₄H₉]⁺), 102 (10), 86 (15), 70 (52).

Odour description: celery, jasminic

EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of a spicy-woody masculine fragrance

Weight parts Bergamote Ess. 10 Ethylene Brassylate 50 Cardamome Graines Ess. 1 Floralym 25 Galaxolide 50 PHT 250 Georgywood 5 Givescone 2 Grapefruit Ess 5 Javanol 1 Kephalis 50 Lavance Ess. 5 Linalool Synt. 30 Moxalone 50% TEC 30 Diethylphtalate 265 Poivre Noir Ess. 10 Rose Pure Ether MEF 1 Salicylate Benzyle 150 Velvione 10 Total: 900

Addition of 100 weight parts of Dimethylcarbamic acid 1,5-dimethyl-1-vinyl-hex-4-enyl ester (Table 2, compound 22) enhances the spicy-peppery aspect of the fragrance and gives it more overall lit 

1. A fragrance composition comprising as a fragrance ingredient a tertiary non-vinylic carbamate having a molecular weight less than
 350. 2. A fragrance composition comprising as a fragrance ingredient a N,N-substituted carbamate having a group covalently bonded to the ether oxygen atom of the carbamate selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alk-(>1)-enyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenylalkyl, phenylalkyl and naphtylalkyl, said covalently bonded group being optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy, and said group optionally comprising heteroatoms.
 3. A fragrance composition comprising as a fragrance ingredient a carbamate of formula (I)

wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected from the group consisting of: (a) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl; C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁ alkynyl group; and (b) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (c) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and R is selected from the group consisting of: (a) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl; C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁ alkynyl group; and (b) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, and alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (c) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s);C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkenyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (d) C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkenyl ring is optionally substituted with alky, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkoxyalkyl or naphthylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (e) heteroaromatic ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); heteroarylalkyl ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s) or heterocycloalkyl ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and the ring having 5 to 6 ring members and the hetero atom of the ring is oxygen or nitrogen; and R, R¹ and R² having together 7 to 18 carbon atoms.
 4. A fragrance composition comprising as a fragrance ingredient a carbamate of formula (I)

wherein R¹ is selected from the group consisting of: (a) C₁ to C₆ alkyl; C₃ to C₅ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₅ alkynyl group; and (b) C₃ to C₆ cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); C₃ to C₆ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); or phenyl optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); and (c) C₄ to C₈ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); or phenyl alkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); and R and R² form together with the atom to which they are attached a 5 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring, which is optionally substituted with alkyl and alkenyl group(s); and R, R¹ and R² having together 7 to 18 carbon atoms.
 5. A compound of formula (I)

wherein the groups R, R¹ and R² are selected according to the following table: R R¹ R² hex-3-enyl ethyl ethyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl-tolyl methyl ethyl ethyl-tolyl 3-methyl-but-2-enyl ethyl ethyl 3-methyl-but-3-enyl ethyl ethyl hex-3-enyl methyl iso-propyl 2,2,5-trimethyl-hex-4-enyl ethyl ethyl undec-10-enyl methyl methyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl iso-propyl 2-ethyl-hexyl ethyl iso-propyl R and R¹ together with the atoms pentyl to which they are attached is 4-Methyl-oxazolidyl-2-one 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-ethyl methyl methyl 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl hexyl 2-methyl-propyl methyl butyl 2-methyl-propyl ethyl butyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-propyl methyl methyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-iso-propyl methyl methyl 2-ethoxy-phenyl methyl methyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]- methyl methyl 2-methyl-propyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]- ethyl ethyl 2-methyl-propyl furylmethyl ethyl ethyl


6. (canceled)
 7. A method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as fragrance ingredient of a tertiary non-vinylic carbamate according to claim
 1. 8. A method of claim 7 wherein the fragrance application is selected from the group consisting of perfume, household product, laundry product, body care product and cosmetics.
 9. A process for the production of a compound of formula (I) by

(a) reacting a primary amine H₂NR¹ in the presence of a base with a chloroformic acid alkyl ester of formula (IV) to give a secondary carbamate of formula (V), and then

(b) reacting the secondary carbamate of formula (V) in the presence of a base with an alkylating agent of the formula R²—X, wherein X is Br⁻, Cl⁻, J⁻, or R⁴—SO₄ ⁻, wherein R⁴ is methyl or tolyl, and wherein R¹ and R² are independently selected from the group consisting of: (i) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl; C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁ alkynyl group; and (ii) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (iii) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and R is selected from the group consisting of: (iv) C₁ to C₁₁ alkyl: C₃ to C₁₁ alk-(>1)-enyl; or C₂ to C₁₁ alkynyl group; and (v) cycloalkyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl, and alkoxy group(s); C₃ to C₈ cycloalkenyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenyl or naphthyl optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (vi) C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); C₄ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkyl, wherein the cycloalkenyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (vii) C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); C₅ to C₁₄ cycloalkenylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkenyl ring is optionally substituted with alky, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); or phenylalkoxyalkyl or naphthylalkoxyalkyl, wherein the aromatic ring is optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and (viii) heteroaromatic ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); heteroarylalkyl ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); heterocyclic ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s) or heterocycloalkyl ring optionally substituted with alkyl, alkenyl and alkoxy group(s); and the ring having 5 to 6 ring members and the hetero atom of the ring is oxygen or nitrogen; and R, R¹ and R² having together 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and step (a) and (b) are sequentially carried out in the same reaction vessel.
 10. A fragrance composition according to claim 1 comprising as a fragrance ingredient a compound selected from a compound according to formula (I)

wherein the groups R, R¹ and R² are selected according to the following table: R R¹ R² hex-3-enyl ethyl ethyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl-tolyl methyl ethyl ethyl-tolyl 3-methyl-but-2-enyl ethyl ethyl 3-methyl-but-3-enyl ethyl ethyl hex-3-enyl methyl iso-propyl 2,2,5-trimethyl-hex-4-enyl ethyl ethyl undec-10-enyl methyl methyl 2-ethyl-hexyl methyl iso-propyl 2-ethyl-hexyl ethyl iso-propyl R and R¹ together with the atoms pentyl to which they are attached is 4-Methyl-oxazolidyl-2-one 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-ethyl methyl methyl 1,1-dimethyl-(4-methyl-cyclohex-3-enyl)-methyl methyl methyl ethyl methyl hexyl 2-methyl-propyl methyl butyl 2-methyl-propyl ethyl butyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-propyl methyl methyl 1,2-dimethyl-1-propyl-iso-propyl methyl methyl 2-ethoxy-phenyl methyl methyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]- methyl methyl 2-methyl-propyl 2-[1-(3,3-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-ethoxy]- ethyl ethyl 2-methyl-propyl furylmethyl ethyl ethyl


11. A fragrance composition according to claim 1 comprising as a fragrance ingredient a compound selected from the group consisting of


12. A method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as fragrance ingredient of a N,N-substituted carbamate according to claim
 2. 13. A method of claim 12 wherein the fragrance application is selected from the group consisting of perfume, household product, laundry product, body care product and cosmetics.
 14. A method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as fragrance ingredient of a carbamate according to claim
 3. 15. A method of claim 14 wherein the fragrance application is selected from the group consisting of perfume, household product, laundry product, body care product and cosmetics.
 16. A method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as fragrance ingredient of a carbamate according to claim
 4. 17. A method of claim 16 wherein the fragrance application is selected from the group consisting of perfume, household product, laundry product, body care product and cosmetics.
 18. A method of manufacturing a fragrance application, comprising the incorporation as fragrance ingredient of a compound of formula (I) according to claim
 5. 19. A method of claim 18 wherein the fragrance application is selected from the group consisting of perfume, household product, laundry product, body care product and cosmetics. 